Just my 2 cents:

1. The "official" docker-compose.yml usage example for Sonarqube with PostgreSQL can be found here.

2. I was able to start SonarQube v10 + PostgreSQL v15.3 on a Windows 11 machine with the following docker-compose.yml file.

3. Edit: The alternative for SONAR_ES_BOOTSTRAP_CHECKS_DISABLE=true seems to be the following:

   1. Create (or edit) the file %USERPROFILE%\.wslconfig.

   2. Add the following:

      [wsl2]
      kernelCommandLine="sysctl.vm.max_map_count=262144"
      

docker-compose.yml:

version: "3"

services:
  sonarqube:
    image: sonarqube:10.0.0-community
    hostname: sonarqube
    container_name: local-sonarqube
    depends_on:
      - db
    environment:
      - SONAR_JDBC_URL=jdbc:postgresql://db:5432/sonar
      - SONAR_JDBC_USERNAME=sonar
      - SONAR_JDBC_PASSWORD=sonar
      # The following (commented out) setting is a workaround for the following error:
      #
      #     max virtual memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] is too low, increase to at least [262144]
      #
      # It is better to add the following to the file `%USERPROFILE%\.wslconfig` on Windows instead:
      #
      #     [wsl2]
      #     kernelCommandLine="sysctl.vm.max_map_count=262144"
      #- SONAR_ES_BOOTSTRAP_CHECKS_DISABLE=true
    volumes:
      - sonarqube_data:/opt/sonarqube/data
      - sonarqube_extensions:/opt/sonarqube/extensions
      - sonarqube_logs:/opt/sonarqube/logs
    ports:
      - "9000:9000"
  db:
    image: postgres:15.3
    hostname: postgres
    container_name: local-postgres-for-sonarqube
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_USER=sonar
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=sonar
      - POSTGRES_DB=sonar
    volumes:
      - postgresql:/var/lib/postgresql
      - postgresql_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data

volumes:
  sonarqube_data:
  sonarqube_extensions:
  sonarqube_logs:
  postgresql:
  postgresql_data:

Thank you @Warchant . It works for me 👍

services:
sonarqube_db:
image: postgres:17-alpine
container_name: sonarqube_db
restart: unless-stopped
environment:
POSTGRES_USER: sonar
POSTGRES_PASSWORD: sonar
POSTGRES_DB: sonar
volumes:
- postgres_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
healthcheck:
test: ["CMD-SHELL", "pg_isready -U sonar"]
interval: 10s
timeout: 5s
retries: 5
networks:
- sonar-net

sonarqube:
image: sonarqube:latest
container_name: sonarqube
restart: unless-stopped
depends_on:
sonarqube_db:
condition: service_healthy
ports:
- "9000:9000"
environment:
SONAR_JDBC_URL: jdbc:postgresql://sonarqube_db:5432/sonar
SONAR_JDBC_USERNAME: sonar
SONAR_JDBC_PASSWORD: sonar
volumes:
- sonarqube_data:/opt/sonarqube/data
- sonarqube_extensions:/opt/sonarqube/extensions
- sonarqube_logs:/opt/sonarqube/logs
networks:
- sonar-net
command:
- -Dsonar.ce.javaOpts=-Xmx1192m
- -Dsonar.web.javaOpts=-Xmx1192m

volumes:
postgres_data:
sonarqube_data:
sonarqube_extensions:
sonarqube_logs:

networks:
sonar-net:
driver: bridge

#########################

sysctl -w vm.max_map_count=262144